Molecular Biology

Explore the molecules that drive life — including DNA, RNA, proteins, and the processes that control gene expression.

Cellular Respiration

Discover how cells break down glucose to release energy through glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.


Learn more →
Structure of DNA and RNA

Learn the molecular architecture of DNA and RNA, including base pairing and backbone structure.


Learn More →
DNA Replication

Understand how DNA is duplicated during the cell cycle with the help of key enzymes like DNA polymerase and helicase.


Learn More →
Gene Expression

Explore how genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to proteins, regulated at multiple levels.


Learn More →
Types of RNA and Their Functions

Learn the roles of mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA in protein synthesis, and explore other functional RNAs.


Learn More →
The Genetic Code

Discover how nucleotide triplets (codons) determine the amino acid sequence in proteins.


Learn More →
Mutations

Learn how changes in DNA sequence affect proteins, traits, and genetic stability.


Learn More →
Protein Synthesis Summary

Review the full process from transcription in the nucleus to translation at the ribosome.


Learn More →
Enzyme Activity

Factors affecting enzyme function, active site specificity, denaturation, and reaction rates.


Learn More →
Simple Biotechnology Applications

Explore basic genetic technologies like cloning, gel electrophoresis, and DNA fingerprinting.


Learn More →
🎯

Ready to take IJSO-style molecular biology practice questions?

Apply your knowledge with our collection of IJSO-style molecular biology problems.

View Molecular Biology Practice Questions
📝

Ready to take IJSO-style molecular biology mock tests?

Challenge yourself with our collection of IJSO-style mock tests in molecular biology, designed to test your problem-solving skills and understanding.

View Molecular Biology Mock Tests